Disciplinary Actions by Specialty & Provider Category

The 84 specialty and provider-category labels recorded in the source data, ranked by the number of serious disciplinary and exclusion actions. Per-physician rates are not available at the category level, so categories are compared by total action count rather than a per-1,000 rate.

# Specialty / Category Actions recorded
1 Licensed Healthcare Professional 20,257
2 Nursing 13,588
3 Physician 7,495
4 Healthcare Employee 5,192
5 Individual (Unaffiliated) 4,516
6 Skilled Nursing Facility 4,220
7 Business Owner/Executive 4,190
8 Hospital 2,390
9 Durable Medical Equipment 2,261
10 Pharmacy 2,240
11 Private Entity 1,944
12 Chiropractic 1,760
13 Home Health Agency 1,343
14 Clinic 1,282
15 Dental 1,210
16 Transportation Company 795
17 Intermediate Care Facility 793
18 Therapist 622
19 Other Business 589
20 Mental Health Facility 561
21 Counseling 560
22 OWNER/OPERATOR 536
23 Psychology 510
24 Podiatry 442
25 OSTEOPATHY 363
26 EMPLOYEE 314
27 Laboratory 275
28 NURSE/NURSES AIDE 245
29 HEALTH CARE AIDE 222
30 PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT 195
31 STATE GOV'T 115
32 BUSINESS MANAGER 110
33 PHYSICAL THERAPIST 100
34 AMBULANCE COMPANY 93
35 ACUPUNCTURIST 90
36 OPTOMETRY 81
37 MEDICAL GROUP 77
38 TECHNICIAN 71
39 EMERGENCY MED TECH 55
40 RECIPT/BENEFICIARY 42
41 ACCOUNT/BOOKKPR/AUDI 38
42 PARAMEDIC TECHNICIAN 37
43 OPTICIAN 37
44 BILLING SERVICE CO 37
45 REHAB FACILITY - GEN 33
46 SOCIAL WORKER 30
47 ADMINISTRATOR 29
48 MANAGEMENT SVCS CO 27
49 GENERAL PRACTICE 27
50 OTHER CONTRACTOR 25
51 DRUG COMPANY/SUPLIER 25
52 EMPLOYEE - GRADE UNK 24
53 COUNSELOR 24
54 ADULT HOME 24
55 SALES/MARKET/RETAIL 23
56 OPTICAL PRACTICE 23
57 OFFICER/EXECUT/BOARD 23
58 DOCTOR OWNED ENTITY 23
59 CLERK/OTHER CLERICAL 20
60 LOCAL GOV'T 19
61 TRIBAL AGENCY 18
62 CONSULTING FIRM 18
63 AUDIOLOGIST 18
64 EMPLOYEE - 14 & BELO 16
65 OPTOMETRIC PRACTICE 15
66 RADIOLOGY FACILITY 14
67 NIH 13
68 ACF 12
69 RADIOLOGY 10
70 OSTEOPATHIC PRAC 8
71 GOVERNMENT CONTRACTO 8
72 FAMILY PRACTICE 8
73 CONSULTANT 8
74 COMPTROLLER 7
75 INTERNAL MEDICINE 6
76 EMPLOYEE - MILITARY 6
77 SURGERY 5
78 RURAL HEALTH CLINIC 5
79 LAWYER 5
80 GOVT EMP(STATE/LOC) 5
81 CONTRACTOR 5
82 PAIN MANAGEMENT 4
83 NEUROLOGY 4
84 HEMATOLOGY 4

Source: Public Citizen Health Research Group analysis of state medical board and federal exclusion records (2021-2023). Categories reflect the specialty or provider-type label recorded in the source data; per-physician rates are available at the state level, where physician-count denominators exist.

Discipline data is derived from proportional analysis of national aggregates. Individual case data is maintained by state medical boards. This information is for educational purposes only.